The Miha Artnak, 2024

Previously exhibited: Match Gallery

The Story Of Ownership Meets AI Imitation

The exhibition features 7 artworks, each showcasing a distinct type of ownership where human labor has replaced the AI process.

Read the whitepaper

The exhibition’s main questions

1. How does ownership affect the way we see and value art, and is everything ultimately owned?

2. What if humans take AI’s jobs?

3. Can the essence of artwork outlast material decay?

The Seven Artworks

1. Figure — private unique (1/1)
2. Still life — private limited series (3)
3. Animal — private unlimited series (product)
4. Self-portrait — private non-transferable unique
5. Landscape — public’s private unique
6. Monochrome— public good (reproduction)
7. Abstract — unownable unique (possession only)

This exhibition basically has some art that you can buy and some that you can’t. —The Miha Artnak

Figure

Private unique

The unique artwork Figure is indestructible and therefore priceless.

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Still life

Private limited series

The limited series Still life consists of three physical paintings, each painted by a different artist. The contract allows them to be modified while retaining their originality.

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Animal

Private unlimited series

An unlimited series Animal consists of the same artworks uniquely crafted by painters worldwide.

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Self-portrait

Private non-transferable unique

The unique artwork Self-portrait stays with its owner for life and cannot be transferred, promoting privacy and control over personal data in a time of increasing online surveillance.

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Landscape

Public's private unique

The unique artwork Landscape belongs to every living human (yes, you too). Managing it presents a challenge among 8.3 billion owners, many of whom are not even be aware of their ownership or voting influence.

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Monochrome

Public good (CC Zero)

The public domain artwork Monochrome represents the flag of Stellar civilization, designed to unify common grounds and bring peace (even if we live on other planets).

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Abstract

Unownable unique

The unique artwork Abstract introduces the unownability paradigm. Only possession of the artwork is possible and can’t be owned by anybody ever.

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Artist’s story

I’m challenging the norms around ownership.

Dear human, thank you for taking the time. I've been working on this project for several years, and now I finally have the courage to share it with the public 💛

The theme explored by this exhibition revolves around the concept of ownership. Hence the name, "Last" [lɑ:st] 1. property; 2. attribute, in Slovenian language. 🖼 Each of the seven artworks comes with a different ownership type: • One-of-a-kind private ownership (1/1) • Limited private ownership (only 3 copies) • Unlimited private ownership (mass-produced) • Non-transferable private ownership (stays with the owner forever) • Shared by everyone private ownership (everyone alive owns it) • Publicly accessible (anyone can reproduce it, it's open-source) • Impossible to own (you can possess it, but it can never be owned) 🔎 From a research perspective, the two most intriguing types of ownership yet to be fully understood are the public’s private property, owned by all humans, and the unownable artwork, which challenges current laws. 🎉 Due to the concept, the project could have easily been reduced to seven blank canvases with different ownership types, but I wanted to create an aesthetic experience with a richer narrative. During the contemplation and execution, I encountered very complex themes, which raise more questions than answers. 🎨 The motifs I've chosen come from personal perspectives and relations: my own image, my girlfriend, my niece’s painting, my pet, my environment, my wishes, and my purchase. 🔮 I replaced the process of artificial intelligence from instructions to generated content with humans instead. The artwork is not just the painting. It’s made of four parts: the legally-binding contract with terms and conditions, prompt made for humans (not machines) to tell stories and give art direction, their interpretation with digital images by photographer Klemen Ilovar, and put to life through physical paintings made by painting services on demand. 🚢 Wondering if a ship remains the same when you replace all its parts, I considered the originality of art its restoration. This inspired the Ship of Theseus protocol, which protects the artwork from destruction by allowing replacement of physical painting while preserving its originality. 🐳 The project also involves questions about blockchain technology, which sparked this project. Besides decentralization, ownership is one of its central themes. I want to use technology to provide proof of authenticity and secure ownership transfer. The Miha Artnak .

About the exhibition

The Miha Artnak (1983) is a Slovenian artist and designer who began his career with graffiti. His first works date back to 2000, when he graffitied Prodigy, Backstreet Boys Rules and a half of the Arthur & Ivek on the walls of Fužine hood on the same day. He embarked on a path of insurgency and social criticism with the graffiti that reads in translation as SLO : FRA – 2 : 3 JUDGE CORRUPTED. In 2001, he co-founded the artistic collective ZEK CREW and shortly afterwards exhibited with it at the International Centre of Graphic Arts. In more than 20 years since their graffiti origins, the collective has settled into conceptual art, out of which The Miha Artnak’s performances are also derived. He first upset the public with his painting Dove & Peace (2017), which he, according to The Guadrain portal and Slovenian media, supposedly sold for a large sum. His passion for puns and advertising, was brought to life with Bitcoin City (BTC City, 2018), in which he added a new pseudo-digital marketing dimension to an existing Ljubljana-based company. Most recently, he enraged taxpayers with a performative crossing of the road outside a pedestrian crossing (Crossing, 2019), attracted Facebook commentators with pollution as art (Pollutism, 2023), while his utopic project Flat Fiat (2022), in which he placed coins of the world’s leading currencies on the tracks to be run over by a train in order to prevent hyperinflation, managed to impress both at the same time. The exhibition Owned (2024) at the Match Gallery is concerned with ownership, which the artist The Miha Artnak entitles in different ways through seven motifs. The painting of a figure, a still life, a landscape, a self-portrait and an animal portrait evoke classical painting, a child’s painting evokes abstract art, and the yellow rectangle representing the solar flag evokes the meme “the masculine urge to make art from flags”. The Miha Artnak paintings were not painted by him. Is he not able to paint them? Most likely not. Why then a painting exhibition? The artist selected his motifs, hired a photographer, Klemen Ilovar, to photograph them, and then hired a painting service where the motifs were painted on canvas by painters Shao M. Zeng, Jim Xing, James Lin, David Lin, Pendy Chen, Cathy Wu, Nane Fang, John Zeng, John Lin, and Max Feng. The technique mimics the process of artificial intelligence (AI) image generation, but this time humans took over the AI’s job. In the exhibition, you will come across the following expressions: original, unique copy, property, possession, value and certificate. Probably also blockchain and NFT. That is how it is, such is the world we live in, and The Miha Artnak directs our gaze even towards where we do not want to point it ourselves. The paintings differ not only in their motifs, but also in their quantity and the possibility or impossibility of their ownership. The Figure, Still Life and Animal can be purchased and owned, while Self-portrait, Abstract, Landscape and Monochrome cannot be. All paintings can be possessed, but the Abstract cannot be owned. Monochrome can be downloaded from the internet and reproduced at will, Landscape belongs to everyone in the world, Abstract belongs to no one under the sun. It is a concept of non-ownership, which The Miha Artnak invented precisely for this exhibition. Before you take home the painting that belongs to everyone in the world, remember to align yourself with all the others. —Nika Jurman

… and now buckle up for the rabbit hole 🕳️

🐰 

Whitepaper

Last • Pwned • 所有权 • ملكية

Key concepts

ownership control authorship authenticity value real world assets

• Human to Human
• Human-made
• Authors
• Layered instructions for humans
• Contract
• Prompt for humans
• Digital image
• Physical painting
• 7 artworks with different types of ownership that influence value and perception
• Figure — private unique
• Still life — private limited series
• Animal — private unlimited series (product)
• Self-portrait — private non-transferable unique
• Landscape — public’s private unique
• Monochrome— public good (reproduction)
• Abstract — unownable unique (possession only)
• Concept of unownability
• Unownable object
• Unownable token (U0T)
• Control of content and execution
• Controlling optional mutability in artworks
• Pre-painted blank original artwork
• Mutabilities in the immutable identity
• Global consensus challenge
• Art as an Investment (AaaI)
• Store of value and a hedge against inflation
• Digital and physical manufactured scarcity
• Artworks’ security components
• Indestructibility of the artwork (Ship of Theseus protocol)
• NFT 2.0
• Technology agnostic
• Buyer picks the blockchain
• Tokenized fine art
• NFT x NFC - proof of authenticity for RWAa
• Blockchain interoperability
• Interchangeable authorship in production for resell purposes
• Decentralized middlemen
• Art as a Start-up (Art-up)
• Art as a Service (AaaS)
• Order art
• Proof of human labor (PoHL)
• Verification service for phygital artworks
• Transferring ownership
• Secured NFT
• Secure drop-off for keeping buyer’s anonymity
• Art as a product (AaaP)
• Commons
• Public domain
• Public’s private property
• Technological challenges
• Artwork as DAO
• Decentralized app (dApp)
• Fractionalized NFT
• Proof of personhood
• Consensus challenges
• Non-transferable ownership
• Non-transferable artwork
• Artwork for a lifetime
• Artwork as Proof of Personhood (AaPoP)
• Soulbound token as decentralized digital identifier
• Control of your own data with zero-knowledge proof
• Art as a Law (AaaL)
• Legal proposal of Unownability
• Legal proposal of Public’s private unique

Human to Human

In the exhibition, you will come across the following expressions: original, unique copy, property, possession, value and certificate. Probably also blockchain and NFT. That is how it is, such is the world we live in, and The Miha Artnak directs our gaze even towards where we do not want to point it ourselves. The paintings differ not only in their motifs, but also in their quantity and the possibility or impossibility of their ownership. —Nika Jurman

Human-made

In the future, as AI generated art grows, the importance of genuine human expression will become even more relevant. Human art brings vulnerabilities, imperfections, stories, and vitality. It’s our language.

Authors

Concept-originating artist The Miha Artnak (contracts,prompts) Photographer Klemen Ilovar (digital images) Multiple painters ShaoM Zeng, Jim Xing, James Lin, David Lin, Pendy Chen, Cathy Wu, Nane Fang, John Zeng, John Lin, and Max Feng (physical paintings)

Layered instructions for humans

Each artwork has four parts of the story. The unchangeable contract sets the terms and properties. The prompt has instructions and stories for human labor, not for machines. The digital image is a human’s visual interpretation of the prompt. The physical painting is a human’s visual interpretation of the digital image.

The artistic process mimics the AI process, entirely replaced by humans.

Example

Contract

Prompt for humans

Create a digital image of my girlfriend lying on the couch, phone screen is illuminating her face, late night, projector light, monochrome blue, indoor, diagonal, 4:3

Turn the digital image into a physical oil painting

Digital image as interpretation

Physical painting as interpretation

Artworks

The exhibition features seven artworks, each with a unique ownership style, across various categories, and available in different quantities. Some artworks are available for resale, while others are not. The terms of ownership for each artwork are legally binding, and attempting to sell a non-transferable item is a criminal offense, subject to legal prosecution.

Artworks’ properties

The Seven Artworks

Figure

Figure

Still life

Still life

Animal

Animal

Self-portrait

Self-portrait

Landscape

Landscape

Monochrome

Monochrome

Abstract

Abstract

Concept of unownability

Unownability is the idea that certain items or concepts cannot (and should not) be owned by any individual. It directly challenges traditional property laws, creating a paradigm where goods exist without an owner and forcing a radical rethinking of property rights.

Current law is obsessed with ownership; even abandoned items are claimed on a "first-come, first-served" basis. In this legal framework, anything temporarily without an owner is treated like "trash," waiting for the next person to claim it.

The idea of ownership has been reduced to little more than an exclusive privilege to sell. Ownership as the exclusive right to dispose of property: this is certainly not what art inspires me to desire. — Martin Zeilinger

Unownable object

The exhibition introduces a radical concept: unownable artwork that you can possess, but never own. The physical painting, Abstract, has no legal owner and carries no liabilities for whoever holds it.

This raises profound questions about community responsibility and possession without legal consequences. Furthermore, it introduces a unique ethical dilemma: when someone takes the artwork, it isn't legal theft, but it effectively strips the community of shared enjoyment.

Unownable token

The digital world offers the concept of unownability more space for manoeuvre. Unownable Token (U0T) is a novel framework that allows for possession without ownership; much like a ball in a never-ending game that is constantly passed around, never staying with a single player. This mechanism fuels an endless cycle of shared possession and collective creativity.

This contract is based on the ERC-721 standard but has a unique feature: a takePossession() function. This enables any user to instantly seize possession of the NFT at any time. Because this fluidity overrides the constraints of standard wallet-based ownership, traditional property models fail. As a result, listing or selling a U0T on secondary marketplaces is completely impractical, as the token's core logic fundamentally rejects conventional commerce.

Control of content and execution

Mutability: data can change. Immutability: data is permanent.

Immutable Contract The data in the contract is permanent and unchangeable. •

Immutable/Mutable Prompt If the prompt is mutable, any changes will also influence the digital image, which should then be updated accordingly.

• Immutable/Mutable Digital image If the digital image is mutable, its changes will influence the physical painting, which should be altered to reflect these changes.

• Immutable/Mutable Physical painting A mutable physical painting can be repainted. However, its motif and technique remain consistent, as it should replicate the digital image.

Controlling optional mutability in artworks

Immutability (unchangeability) in NFTs is key for ensuring authenticity and trust by keeping assets unchanged. However, allowing some controlled changes lets artists improve their work, balancing security and flexibility.

Pre-painted blank original artwork

Still life is an artwork that can be changed after purchase, offering creative flexibility. While the original canvas is captivating, the chance for transformation strengthens the bond between the artwork and its owner. This not only boosts the piece's collectible value but also makes owning art interactive and collaborative, revitalizing the work while keeping it original.

Mutabilities in the immutable identity

The person in the portrait owns the artwork Self-portrait for life. In the world of an unchanging identity, change plays a crucial part. It allows us to adapt to new interests and tell our evolving story, connecting our core identity with our changing selves.

Global consensus challenge

The artwork Landscape is the collective property of every living human (yes, that includes you). The optional mutability of both the digital image and the physical painting presents a difficulty of consensus*, given that we face the challenge of how to reach agreement among 8.3 billion owners, many of whom are not even aware of their ownership or their voting influence.

*Consensus challenge: Who is the steward, where is the painting showcased, should the motif be changed, and who will execute it?

Art as an Investment (AaaI)

Store of value and a hedge against inflation

The exhibition's mission is to guarantee the authenticity of both its digital and physical artworks for the owners.

Artworks for sale Figure and Still life offer all the secure investment protocols mentioned below, creating a safe investment for buyers.

Digital and physical manufactured scarcity

The artist defines the rarity of their work, directly influencing its market value and perceived exclusivity. To preserve this scarcity, the artist must strictly adhere to specific contract protocols that guarantee the artwork’s agreed-upon uniqueness.

Artworks' security components

Each artwork is composed of three interconnected security layers: a physical contract secured by a PIN, a digital contract (an NFT containing the digital image and its creative prompt), and the physical painting itself, which embeds an NFC tag for verification.

1. Physical contract: A physical medium issued to the user, who initializes it by setting a personal PIN (password/secret). Once established, the NFC tag must be updated and a zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) is transmitted to the blockchain.
2. Digital contract (NFT): The NFT contains its own unique identifier linked directly to the ID (the public key) of the physical NFC tag. This allows the contract to cryptographically verify messages signed by the NFC chip, while a dedicated zero-knowledge proof field validates the owner's PIN.
3. Physical artwork with NFC: The physical painting features an embedded NFC (Near Field Communication) chip, enabling users to instantly verify the validity of the PIN and identify which specific NFT ID is bound to the artwork.

Indestructibility of the artwork

Meet the Ship of Theseus (SoT) insurance protocol, safeguarding the artwork's value and continuity if it gets lost or damaged.

This agreement guarantees authenticity and origin using an insurance protocol inspired by a philosophical question: does an object stay the same when all its parts are replaced?

The artwork has three factors of authentication: the physical contract, digital contract (NFT), or the physical painting. Each piece's possessor can verify the other two. In cases where a person has two parts, a third is reissued.

1. If the physical contract is lost: A new physical contract is issued. The user initializes it by setting a new PIN, proving possession via the digital contract and the physical painting.
2. If the digital contract (NFT) is compromised: (Or if a blockchain migration is required), a new NFT is minted as the absolute 'original,' validated by proof from the physical contract and physical painting.
3. If the physical painting is damaged: It can be entirely replaced. The newly produced canvas inherits the status of the 'original.' This system renders the artwork fundamentally indestructible, ensuring its perpetual continuity as long as any two components remain intact.

Ship of Theseus (SoT) is available for these artworks:

You are investing in the concept, not just the canvas. The physical artwork is tokenized and fully replaceable.

NFT 2.0: Returning to core principles

The rapid expansion of various blockchains has led to volatile and unstable NFT values. NFT 2.0 cuts through the noise to focus on what matters most: immutable, permanent proof of authenticity, entirely independent of any single blockchain network.

Core architecture:

• Technology Agnosticism: Complete independence from specific platforms.
• Tokenized Fine Art: Real-world assets (RWAa) with built-in interoperability.
• Phygital Authenticity: A dual digital-physical security solution via embedded NFC chips.
• Replaceable Physical Assets: Safeguarded by the Ship of Theseus (SoT) insurance protocol.
• DAO Governance & Service Protection: Decentralized dispute resolution, ownership transfers, and metadata management.

Technology agnostic framework

Investing in technology-agnostic art mitigates platform-specific risks. The digital contract incorporates advanced cryptographic security measures to protect against loss or theft, ensuring long-term investment stability across tech paradigms. While initially launched and tested on blockchain networks, the concept is designed to outlast individual platforms.

Buyer-selected blockchains

The collector chooses their preferred blockchain solution, retaining the flexibility to migrate networks in the future. Ecosystems like Ethereum (ETH), Polkadot (DOT), Internet Computer (ICP), and Solana (SOL) are fully supported to secure the digital proof of authenticity and provenance.

Tokenized fine art (RWAA)

Digitizing physical masterpieces into Real-World Art Assets (RWAA) democratizes art investment. Tokenization lowers barriers to entry, broadens global collector networks, and helps establish a transparent floor value for the physical artwork.

NFT × NFC: Phygital authenticity

Bridging the digital contract and the physical painting is achieved by scanning an NFC tag permanently embedded into the back of the canvas, which pairs instantly with the NFT. This frictionless integration links digital metadata with real-world assets (RWA), providing collectors with an undeniable, tamper-proof method to verify authenticity.

Blockchain interoperability

In the NFT 2.0 framework, the digital component of the artwork is naturally interoperable. Without cross-chain compatibility, isolated blockchain networks limit the transfer of data and value. By leveraging the Ship of Theseus (SoT) protocol, the artwork circumvents these silos, linking disparate markets and unlocking higher liquidity and value.

Fluid authorship & resale value

Collectors possess the unique right to modify the physical components of the artwork to suit their personal preferences while permanently retaining The Miha Artnak’s foundational concept. Commissioning famous painters for a physical canvas, renowned photographers for the digital image, or celebrated storytellers for the prompt allows the artwork to dynamically evolve; significantly increasing its secondary market value.

Governance: From centralized to decentralized escrow

• Temporary Centralized Escrow: Until a fully decentralized DAO infrastructure is deployed, a centralized service managed by the author acts as the trusted intermediary. This guarantees verification and secures ownership transfers during the project's initial phase.
• Decentralized DAO Mediation: Once active, a decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) handles disputes, asset transfers, and modification logs, ensuring all changes align strictly with smart contract rules.

Collector’s Journey

*Currently powered peer-to-peer or via a centralized intermediary

Art as a Start-Up (Art-Up)

Art as a Service (AaaS)

The exhibition's seven artworks demonstrate an ongoing Art as a Service model. Customers can now order customized physical paintings under various flexible ownership structures, all executed through innovative, on-demand painting techniques.

ORDER ART

Share your ideas & get THE MIHA ARTNAK’S ORIGINAL ARTWORK

Order custom hand-painted artwork just for you

Choose from:

1. Media type physical, digital, phygital
2. Ownership type private, public, unownable
3. Edition unique, limited series, unlimited series
4. Ownership rights transferable, non-transferable

How it works

Art as a Service (AaaS) allows you to commission custom artwork backed by the conceptual value and prestige of the artist's name. Through this streamlined pipeline, your ideas are first transformed into a striking digital image, which can then be upgraded on demand into a physical, hand-painted masterpiece.

Proof of Human Labor (PoHL)

Receive a hand-painted piece, executed by skilled painters from all over the world, ensuring that each piece holds the signature quality and value associated with Artnak's artistry.

Verification service for phygital artworks

Art as a Service (AaaS) uses the Ship of Theseus (SoT) protocol to provide advanced security and built-in asset insurance. Every collector receives an interconnected tripartite system: a physical contract secured by a PIN, a digital contract (NFT), and a physical painting embedded with an NFC chip.

Transferring ownership

To successfully execute a transfer of ownership, all three components: the physical contract (PIN), the digital contract (NFT), and the physical painting (NFC) must be submitted for an official check-up. Once fully authenticated, the artwork is cleared for transfer and securely delivered to the new owner.

Secured NFT architecture

If an NFT is compromised, or if a collector chooses to migrate to a different blockchain, the existing token is safely burned by the DAO or the temporary centralized service. This mechanism protects the artwork's financial floor value while seamlessly enabling the issuance of a replacement digital contract.

Secure drop-off for keeping buyer’s anonymity

To guarantee absolute safety and privacy, collectors have the option to receive the physical painting at a designated secure pickup point, entirely removing the need to share personal or residential shipping addresses.

Art as a Product (AaaP)

Each piece in the unlimited Animal series is hand-painted to order.

ORDER ART

Affordable fine art THE MIHA ARTNAK’S ORIGINAL ARTWORK

The unlimited series of artworks is made by different painters across the globe, and each one is distinctively crafted.

Choose from different sizes:

XXXL XL M

Commons

Public domain

The "commons" in the creative realm is a shared area of ideas and knowledge open to everyone, promoting teamwork, new ideas, and collective progress in creative projects.

Culture is an open system. A chaotic, non-linear, aperiodic mess. Culture is a remix. Open source is a promise, rather than a product. —Ben Henley

The Monochrome artwork is freely available in the public domain with a CC Zero license. While the physical painting is displayed, it's just one of several reproduction prints without copyright restrictions.

The digital image is available for free as pdf. The NFT is freely minted across various blockchains, offering no specific use or value other than covering minting expenses.

The public domain consists of all the creative work to which no exclusive intellectual property rights apply. Those rights may have expired, been forfeited, expressly waived, or may be inapplicable. Because no one holds the exclusive rights, anyone can legally use or reference those works without permission except for …

Landscape: The public’s private property

The artwork Landscape is a unique artwork that belongs to every living person. What we do with it is up to us. But where do we even start and how do we inform everybody about their property and their rights?

In practice, achieving a system where all living people collectively own and vote on an object would require innovative solutions that address these complex challenges while respecting individual rights and autonomy.

The architecture of collective ownership

Current technology does not allow for an NFT to be shared universally. This limitation poses a challenge in realizing the concept of collective digital ownership on a global scale.

Artwork as DAO

To manage a masterpiece owned by everyone, Landscape could be governed by a Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO). Under this framework, every human being is granted a voice in how the artwork is preserved, exhibited, and conceptually developed. The blockchain ensures this democratic process remains transparent, immutable, and trustworthy, paving the way for eventual global access.

Dynamic fractionalized NFT

The digital contract (containing the creative prompt and high-resolution digital image) would be fractionalized and distributed equally among the global population.

• The Living Ledger: As new individuals are born, the smart contract automatically mints and issues new fractional shares.
• Rebalancing: Upon a person's passing, their fraction is securely retired. This highly dynamic system relies on an automated blockchain mechanism that synchronizes with global population data to ensure that every living person continuously holds an exactly equal share.

Core Implementation Challenges

Technological & identity hurdles

• The Scale Limitation: Current Web3 infrastructure is not natively optimized to distribute a single NFT universally to billions of individuals simultaneously.
• Proof of Personhood (PoP): Reliably verifying billions of unique individual identities without risking digital fraud or identity theft (while strictly preserving user privacy and accessibility) remains one of modern technology's greatest obstacles.

Consensus challenges

Achieving true global consensus among all living people introduces unprecedented logistical, ethical, and structural hurdles:

• Universal Awareness: Ensuring all eight billion people are aware of their ownership is a monumental task, hindered by geographic remoteness, digital divides, or personal choices to remain offline.
• Inclusivity & Access: Language barriers, physical accessibility, and global disparities in technological infrastructure make true voting inclusivity difficult to achieve.
• Anonymized Security: Designing a tamper-proof voting system that verifies a voter's unique human identity while maintaining absolute anonymity is incredibly complex.
• The Decision-Making Process: True unanimity is impossible. The system must establish sophisticated algorithmic thresholds for approvals, modifications, or disputes.
• Logistics & Resource Allocation: Managing the physical storage, international display rotation, security, and maintenance funding for the physical canvas requires meticulous, cross-border resource planning.
• Cultural & Legal Harmonization: Navigating conflicting jurisdictional laws, geopolitical regulations, and diverse cultural ethics requires a delicate balance, as what is celebrated by one culture may be objectionable to another.

Current Status: Landscape legally belongs to you right now. You own this unique artwork. The tools to fully realize and exercise that ownership on a global scale should be built.

Non-transferable ownership

Non-transferable ownership means you can't give or sell something you own to someone else. It stays yours, and you can't share or transfer it (e.g. Driver’s license, tax ID, ID card, …).

Non-transferable artworks

The artwork Self-portrait is owned by the person (subject) on the portrait until the end of his life and is non-transferable. The digital image and prompt are put on soulbound tokens (SBT), also known as non-transferable NFTs, that are permanently tied to a specific individual (or crypto wallet) — meaning they cannot be transferred to others.

Public good Monochrome, inherently non-transferable, belongs to everyone and can't be privately owned.

Similarly, unique public artwork Landscape with potentially fractionalized NFTs (or SBTs) would maintain this non-transferable nature. Each fraction could represent a shared stake in the artwork, aligning with the concept of public goods, where the art is already part of the commons and thus not subject to private transfer.

Unownable artwork Abstract, by its nature, has non-transferable ownership as it belongs to no one. However, the use of an unownable token allows for the transfer of possession, enabling a unique interaction.

Artwork for a lifetime

Owning non-transferable art is about enjoying and valuing art for life, focusing on personal connection rather than resale.

Artwork as Proof of Personhood (AaPoP)

Proof of personhood (PoP) verifies the human uniqueness of participants in a system. It’s a solution to the threat against online democracy when people use bots to manipulate voting outcomes. The artwork Self-portrait proves that this human exists.

Soulbound token as decentralized digital identifier

The concept of a soulbound token (SBT) aligns with cypherpunk ideals, enhancing digital identity security and privacy. It integrates an individual's online and offline identity, giving people greater control over personal data. Useful in KYC and ID verification, as well as being anonymous, in the context of Art as a Service, it could facilitate ownership transfers, reinforcing security in digital transactions.

Control of your own data with zero-knowledge proof

Using zero-knowledge proof with a soulbound token enables secure verification of digital identity without revealing any personal details. This method ensures that the identity remains bound to the individual and is authenticated privately, maintaining both security and privacy.

Original

Fake profiles

Art as a Law (AaaL)

Law proposal: Unownability

A legal framework updating traditional property rights for physical assets. It seeks to adapt current laws to recognize that certain items can exist without conventional owners, breaking new ground in asset jurisprudence.

Law proposal: The Public’s private unique

A legal mechanism designed to support the absolute collective ownership of an asset by all living individuals. This initiative aims to modernize international law to validate the borderless, shared ownership of next-generation physical and digital assets.

In media

Vsi ljudje na Zemlji smo postali solastniki kar dveh slik The Mihe Artnaka

Kaj se zgodi, če umetnost ustvarimo na način, kot to naredi umetna inteligenca, in pri tem nastane novi koncept (ne)lastništva in javno-zasebne lastnine, da smo torej solastniki slike kar vsi Zemljani? Koncept na razstavi Last obravnava The Miha Artnak.

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Razstava Last The Mihe Artnaka

Predvajaj RTV vsebine, vsak dan!

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Porogljive potegavščine ljubljanskega Michelangela | MLADINA.si

Sprotni slovar slovenskega jezika izraz trolanje razlaga kot »pisati sporočila na družbenih omrežjih z namenom doseči čustveni odziv pri drugih uporabnikih« in »s...

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Zapečateno s pogodbo

Morda niste vedeli, ampak v Galeriji Vžigalica visi vaša slika. Slika v vaši lasti, če smo natančni. Po navodilih vizualnega umetnika in oblikovalca The Miha Artnaka so jo naslikali na Kitajskem.

stari.dnevnik.si

The Miha Artnak: ''V prihodnosti se bomo ne glede na všečnost spraševali, ali je to ustvaril človek''

V času digitalnih podob in umetne inteligence so vse bolj pod vprašajem fizičen umetniški izdelek, avtorstvo in lastništvo. Vse to se bo v prihodnosti prav gotovo precej spreminjalo, umetnost pa bo, to že lahko sklepamo, kljub vsemu še obstajala. Grafični oblikovalec in umetnik The Miha Artnak v projektu z naslovom Last, ki ga lahko zasledimo na spletu in zdaj tudi na razstavi v galeriji Vžigalica, odpira te teme s prepletanjem klasičnega slikarskega medija in nove tehnologije, kot je posebna vrsta kripto-sredstev – nezamenljivi žetoni NFT. Kot je za The Miho Artnaka značilno, stvari obrne na glavo: če je že v navadi, da umetni inteligenci damo navodila, kakšno sliko naj ustvari, se je on odločil, da bo dal taka navodila ljudem. Fotografu Klemnu Ilovarju je npr. opisal, kakšno tihožitje naj fotografira, naslednje navodilo, oziroma naročilo, in to na Kitajsko, pa je bilo, naj mu to fotografijo naslikajo v tehniki olja na platnu – trikrat. Ob tem se obiskovalec vpraša, katera od teh slik je original in katera kopija? Ob ekspresivni otroški sliki se pojavi še zanimivo protislovje: nastala je kot plod spontanega hitropoteznega polaganja barve na papir, kopija na platnu, ki je na razstavi, pa je bila, zato da ujame podobnost, naslikana sistematično in najbrž previdno. The Miha Artnak je v vseh teh primerih avtor idejne zasnove, ne pa izvajalec del. Ob tem se pojavi dilema, ki je aktualna tudi v primeru umetne inteligence: je avtor, kdor da idejo, ali tisti, ki jo potem uresniči, naslika? In tako četudi umetna inteligenca ni neposredno vpletena, z oponašanjem le te razmišlja o njenih značilnostih. Slike so razdeljene po prostorih še glede na javno in zasebno last. To umetnik določi s pogodbami. V vmesnem prostoru najdemo še njegov avtoportret, kjer pa gre za neprenosljivo last. Številna sloje in izhodišča za debato torej razpira The Miha Artnak na razstavi Last, ki jo kurira Jani Pirnat, spremno besedilo je napisala Nika Jurman, duhovite promocijske videe pa so prispevali razni ''vplivneži''. Foto: Žiga Bratoš

ars.rtvslo.si

Kaj se spremeni, če delo umetne inteligence izvede človek, se sprašuje The Miha Artnak

Potem ko je umetna inteligenca začela ustvarjati dela, ki so lahko tudi umetniška, so se začela pojavljati vprašanja o njihovem lastništvu, avtorstvu in avtentičnosti. Kaj pa če bi enako delo umetne inteligence izvedli ljudje? Ali bi bili odgovori jasni? Ta dilema je v ospredju razstave umetnika The Mihe Artnaka z naslovom Last. V oddaji tudi o Metliški cehovski knjigi, ki sodi med najstarejše cehovske registre s slovenskimi besedili. V tej knjigi pa so morala biti pravila jasna in razumljiva.

ars.rtvslo.si

Last in še marsikaj

V torek se je v galeriji Vžigalica odprla razstava Last, The Mihe Artnaka.

radiostudent.si

Unownable Token (U0T): Redefining Ownership in the Digital Realm | HackerNoon

Unownable Token (U0T) is a new concept and allows you to possess something temporarily without owning it. Like a ball in a never-ending game that's always passe

hackernoon.com

Outsider #37: Kaj je arhitektura?

pomlad 2024 37. številka, letnik 10 180 strani

outsider.si

About the author

The Miha Artnak

The Miha Artnak (Michelangelo da Lubiana) is a Ljubljana-based artist, activist, and entrepreneur, active since the 2000s. His satirical paintings, environmental installations, and subversive performances make him one of the most talked-about artists of the last decade.

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